12/16/2023 0 Comments Operation enduring dom iraq warIn addition, 6.7% of active-component military personnel are reported to be married to other military personnel (dual-military marriages) again, the Air Force has the highest percentage, 12.8% (DOD, 2007). Senior enlisted and senior officers are also more likely to be married. Of the active-component force, 55.2% are married (DOD, 2007) the Air Force has the highest proportion of married members, 60.6%. Marital status also differs somewhat by component and service branch. During the Vietnam War, of the roughly 3.4 million service members who were deployed (one-third of them through the draft), close to 90% were white (Summers, 1985). Of service members serving in OEF and OIF, about 66% are white, 16% black, 10% Hispanic, 4% Asian, and 4% other race (Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, 2009) compared with 75% white, 12% black, 4% Asian, 9% other race, and 12.5% Hispanic of any race in the general population (US Census Bureau, 2000). Percentage of Active-Component Members by Age and Service Branch in 2009. Table 2.3 summarizes the numbers of reserve-component officers and enlisted personnel by age group and service branch. Similarly, 55.3% of the reserve-component enlisted members are 30 years old or younger compared with 72.6% of the active-component enlisted members. Among reserve-component officers, 73.6% are over 35 years old compared with 44.2% of active-component officers. The reserve-component officers and enlisted members are much older than the active-component officers and enlisted members, respectively (DOD, 2007). Members of the Marine Corps have the lowest average age, 25.0 years, and the Air Force has the highest, 29.6 years. The numbers of active-component officers and enlisted members by age and service branch are summarized in Table 2.2. According to the 2007 Demographics Report, over 40% of active-component officers are over 35 years old compared to 15% of active-component enlisted personnel (DOD, 2007). The distribution of personnel ages varies among components of the military. Today’s service members are also somewhat older 1 and more likely to be married than their Vietnam-era counterparts (Jacobs, 2000). Nearly all troops who served in Vietnam were men (only 7,494 women served) compared with over 200,000 women serving in OEF and OIF (Jacobs, 2000 Tanielian and Jaycox, 2008). Of the military personnel serving in OEF and OIF, 89% are men and 11% women. Chapter 5 describes in more detail the benefits and services and the programs that have been developed to meet those needs.ĭEMOGRAPHICS OF THE ALL-VOLUNTEER MILITARY The third section of this chapter provides a brief summary of the services that are available to meet readjustment needs of OEF and OIF service members, veterans, and their families when they return from theater. On the basis of available data, it is not known whether those issues are causally related to deployment, but the challenges confronting the troops and their families appear to be real, and Chapter 4 describes them in greater detail. The second highlights some of the issues faced by the troops who have served in OEF or OIF and their families that are being reported in the popular press, government reports, and the peer-reviewed scientific literature. The first provides information about the demographics of the all-volunteer military. This background chapter is divided into three sections. Moreover, OEF and OIF together make up the longest sustained US military operation since the Vietnam War, and they are the first extended conflicts to depend on an all-volunteer military. Those wars are fundamentally different from the first Gulf War and other previous wars (see Chapter 3) in their heavy dependence on the National Guard and reserves and in the pace of deployments, the duration of deployments, the number of redeployments, the short dwell time between deployments, the type of warfare, the types of injuries sustained, and the effects on the service members, their families, and their communities. Since the beginning of the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq in 2001, over 1.9 million US military personnel have been deployed in 3 million tours of duty lasting more than 30 days as part of Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) or Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) ( Table 2.1).
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